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B.Ed Biological Science

Biological Science Education – Course Content

Course Objectives

This course develops the knowledge, teaching skills, and professional competence required for effective Biological Science teaching. Student teachers will learn to:

  • Understand the aims, objectives, nature, scope, values, and significance of teaching Biological Science.

  • Develop knowledge of lesson planning and the steps involved in organising effective lessons.

  • Acquire essential teaching and micro-teaching skills for Biological Science classrooms.

  • Understand and apply various methods and approaches of teaching Biological Science.

  • Explore and effectively use teaching resources, instructional media, and emerging educational technologies.

Unit I: Aims and Objectives of Teaching Biological Science

This unit introduces the meaning, aims, and objectives of teaching Biological Science in schools. It examines the need, significance, nature, scope, and values of Biological Science teaching and highlights its role in school education.

Student teachers will study Bloom’s Taxonomy of Instructional Objectives, covering the Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Domains, along with the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy (2001) developed by Anderson and Krathwohl. The unit also explores the interrelationship among the learning domains and correlation between subjects.

Unit II: Teaching Skills

This unit focuses on micro-teaching as a systematic approach to developing essential classroom teaching skills. Student teachers will learn the concept, definition, steps, and cycle of micro-teaching, along with the distinction between Micro-Teaching and Macro-Teaching.

The unit covers important teaching skills such as set induction, explaining, questioning, probing, stimulus variation, reinforcement, use of non-verbal clues, closure, and blackboard usage. Link lessons and model teaching episodes are also included to strengthen practical teaching competence.

Unit III: Approaches of Teaching Biological Science

This unit introduces different approaches to teaching Biological Science, including the Concentric Approach, Topical Approach, Chronological Approach, Unit Approach, Correlated Approach, and Integrated Approach.

The unit also focuses on lesson planning, including its need and the steps involved in preparing an effective lesson plan. Student teachers explore different levels of organising teaching through the Herbartian Model at the Memory Level, the Morrison Teaching Model at the Understanding Level, and the Bigge and Hunt Teaching Model at the Reflective Level. Unit planning and lesson plan writing are also covered.

Unit IV: Methods of Teaching Biological Science

This unit explores a range of teacher-centred and learner-centred methods of teaching Biological Science.

Teacher-centred methods include the Lecture Method, Demonstration Method, and Team Teaching. Learner-centred methods include the Laboratory Method, Peer Tutoring/Teaching by Students, Project Method, Individual Activities, Experiential Method, Teacher-Guided Learning, Problem-Solving Method, Small-Group and Whole-Class Interactive Learning, Student Seminars, and Group Discussion.

The unit also introduces recent trends in Biological Science education, including Constructivist Learning, Problem-Based Learning, Brain-Based Learning, and Collaborative Learning.

Unit V: Instructional Media and Teaching Resources

This unit focuses on teaching resources and instructional media for Biological Science education. Student teachers explore the use of community and educational resources such as Zoological Gardens, Botanical Gardens, Eco-Parks, Aquariums, Science Exhibitions and Fairs, and Field Trips.

The unit also introduces emerging educational media and technologies, including Tele-Conferencing, Communication Satellites, Computer Networking, Word Processors, Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Artificial Intelligence, and Augmented Reality.

In addition, student teachers examine the qualities of a good Biology textbook and the qualities of an effective Biology teacher, supporting the development of professional competence in Biological Science education.

Suggested Learning Activities

The course promotes practical, collaborative, and technology-supported learning through:

  • Student seminars on Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, and Artificial Intelligence.

  • Student seminars and practical activities on Lesson Plan Writing.

  • Teacher or invited expert sessions on Bloom’s Taxonomy of Instructional Objectives.

  • Teacher or invited expert sessions on Micro-Teaching, including its steps, cycle, principles, and teaching skills such as stimulus variation, reinforcement, and questioning.

  • Teacher sessions on the Herbartian Model and Morrison Teaching Model.

B.Ed Syallabus

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